{"id":617,"date":"2017-08-08T03:07:56","date_gmt":"2017-08-08T03:07:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/leah\/blog\/2017\/08\/08\/as-century-or-100-days-of-as-day-1\/"},"modified":"2020-02-14T12:25:56","modified_gmt":"2020-02-14T18:25:56","slug":"as-century-or-100-days-of-as-day-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/leah\/blog\/2017\/08\/08\/as-century-or-100-days-of-as-day-1\/","title":{"rendered":"A&#038;S Century, or 100 Days of A&#038;S &#8211; Day 1!"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"entry\">\n<p>A few weeks ago, I decided to undertake the A&amp;S Century, or 100 Days of A&amp;S, that has been sweeping through the SCA as of late. The challenge was first proposed by&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/artsandsciences.lochac.sca.org\/2017\/04\/100-days-challenge\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Baroness Ameline of Rowany<\/a>, and is similar to the armored combatant century drill (100 days, 100 blows). Except instead of hitting people\/getting hit, you spend at least 10 minutes a day working on an A&amp;S project.<\/p>\n<p>Inspired by Wu daren at the Royal University of Meridies this summer, and prompted by Mistress Catelin\u2019s challenge to research period maternity clothing, I decided to embark on a research focused A&amp;S Century. My topic? Pregnancy and obstetrics in Early-Middle Imperial China (221 BCE \u2013 1234 CE). This covers the Qin through the Song Dynasties, but I will likely focus more on Middle than Early Imperial China, due to available sources.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/eastgate\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/100daysofASDay1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/eastgate\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/100daysofASDay1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"tmblr-full\" data-orig-height=\"1080\" data-orig-width=\"1440\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/eastgate\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/100daysofASDay1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/66.media.tumblr.com\/f3ef95e98fc1812b814ace5d6b65a8d7\/tumblr_inline_oucjd7AAM41qh6vl6_540.jpg?resize=730%2C547&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Day 1 Notes and Source\" width=\"730\" height=\"547\" data-orig-height=\"1080\" data-orig-width=\"1440\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/eastgate\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/100daysofASDay1.jpg\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"><\/figure>\n<p><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/eastgate\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/100daysofASDay1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>This is technically a restart, since my start a few weeks ago had gaps between research periods, and the idea of the challenge is to do it every day. So for the reboot, I moved to the interlibrary loan title that I had to give back the soonest \u2013&nbsp;<em>Medieval Chinese medicine: The Dunhuang medical manuscripts<\/em>, edited by Vivienne Lo and Christopher Cullen, published by Routledge (Taylor and Francis), in 2005.<\/p>\n<p>This book has 16 essays on a variety of topics pertaining to the medical manuscripts found in the Dunhuang caves. My initial plan of attack for this title was to look up \u201cpregnancy\u201d in the index and go to all the listed pages and see what was mentioned. Three of those four essays (at least in part) are the subject of this post. Other essays of note, which I\u2019ll have to look at before I turn this book in, include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cLove charms among the Dunhuang manuscripts,\u201d by Liu Lexian<\/li>\n<li>\u201c<em>Tiandi yinyang jiaohuang dalefu<\/em> and the art of the bedchamber,\u201d by Sumiyo Umekawa<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The first essay I looked at was \u201cManuscripts as sources in the history of Chinese medicine,\u201d by Paul U. Unschuld and Zheng Jingsheng, translated from German by Mitch Cohen. Pregnancy pops up in this essay in the discussion of \u201cmedication lists\u201d (<i>yaomu<\/i>, \u85e5\u76ee) as a type of medical manuscript, though one that is absent from the Dunhuang collection. Unschuld and Zheng have <a href=\"https:\/\/searchworks.stanford.edu\/view\/10208488\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">other writings regarding such lists in the Berlin collection of manuscripts<\/a>&nbsp;(yay pearl-growing!). Medication lists are lists of prepared medicines, usually pills but sometimes powders, salves, or boli, that were sold in pharmacies. The medications were designed for specific diseases, and the lists only name things that could be inventoried and sold. The lists are almost always well organized, either by disease\/symptom or with medications numbered and indexed in a table of contents.<\/p>\n<p>There are two kinds of medication lists \u2013 printed for publication and, often handwritten, confidential lists. Published lists were used to promote pharmacies by advertising what products were available, offer guarantees of success, and build trust. They sometimes listed the component ingredients to medications, but never the amounts, so as to keep recipes secret. Conversely, confidential lists were handwritten, and had to be copied meticulously since accuracy was key to the pharmacy\u2019s success. These lists were only accessible by those working at the pharmacy, and were more often organized by the amounts of various components, preparation methods, form of medication, or preservation methods. Some items had prices for individual components, others only a price for the whole medication. Since these lists were \u201ctrade secrets,\u201d they did not become available to collectors and other interested parties until after 1949, when private pharmacies were banned and either closed or nationalized. Most lists were comprehensive in terms of the areas of medicine they covered (internal, external, gynecology, orthopedics, pediatrics, treating smallpox, ophthalmology, ears\/nose\/throat) while others were specialized (gynecology, pediatrics, orthopedics).<\/p>\n<p>The second essay I looked at was \u201cFrom prognosis to diagnosis of illness in Tang China: Comparison of the Dunhaung manuscript P. 3390 and medical sources,\u201d by Catherine Despeux. Manuscript P. 3390 is held by the Biblioth\u00e8que Nationale in Paris, and is <a href=\"http:\/\/idp.bnf.fr\/database\/oo_scroll_h.a4d?uid=13505010468;recnum=60708;index=4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">digitized as part of the International Dunhuang Project<\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"tmblr-full\" data-orig-height=\"1024\" data-orig-width=\"1505\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/eastgate\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/complextion-d-p3390.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-190\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/66.media.tumblr.com\/7ee1ab038af4f0cbcdcc855338416cd7\/tumblr_inline_oucjd852xk1qh6vl6_540.jpg?resize=509%2C346&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"509\" height=\"346\" data-orig-height=\"1024\" data-orig-width=\"1505\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/eastgate\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/complextion-d-p3390.jpg\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"><\/figure>\n<p><!-- more --><\/p>\n<p>The manuscript has two listed dates, 945 CE and 950 CE, making the reasonable compilation of the manuscript 950 CE. The fragment that describes how to examine the face to divine events and diagnose disease is missing the beginning and end. It consists of 11 illustrations of the face, captioned and annotated, and additional instructional text (columns 50-83). The diagrams of the faces are annotated to show:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the relationship between the parts of the face and the 12 earthly branches;<\/li>\n<li>the relationship between the parts of the face and the 9 regions of China; and,<\/li>\n<li>the relationship between the parts of the face, from top to bottom, and the 12 months of the year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Coloring of the complexion was interpreted as a release of <em>qi.&nbsp;<\/em>Using these defined regions and various colors, the practioner made their prediction and\/or diagnosis. Of the 80 legible signs, the majority are about auspicious or inauspicious events, such as accident, illness, death, or promotion, prosperity, and legacy. 3 are medical, and one has to do with predicting the gender of an unborn child.<\/p>\n<p>The right side of the face corresponded to Yin, or the feminine, and the left to the Yang, or masculine. If the pregnant woman had yellow coloration under her right eye, she would have a girl \u2013 under the left, a boy.<\/p>\n<p>Lastly, I looked at \u201cThe Dunhuang manuscripts and pharmacology in medieval China,\u201d by Wang Shumin, translated by Christopher Cullen. Wang talks briefly about the earliest extant work on dietetics, the treatment of diseases through diet \u2013 the <em>Shiliao Bencao<\/em> (\u98df\u7642\u672c\u8349, Materia Dietetica). Meng Sheng\u2019s 934 compilation of over 200 edible items is lost, but a fragment survived in Dunhuang, and it is quoted in later sources.<\/p>\n<figure data-orig-height=\"557\" data-orig-width=\"298\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/eastgate\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/d-bl-s76.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-191 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/66.media.tumblr.com\/a887cb5f44effbc57bd7ff522c7c3578\/tumblr_inline_oucjd8poMN1qh6vl6_540.jpg?resize=298%2C557&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"298\" height=\"557\" data-orig-height=\"557\" data-orig-width=\"298\" data-orig-src=\"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/eastgate\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/d-bl-s76.jpg\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"><\/figure>\n<p>The Dunhuang fragment, housed by the British Library and <a href=\"http:\/\/idp.bl.uk\/database\/oo_scroll_h.a4d?uid=41476455310;recnum=76;index=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">digitized as part of the International Dunhuang Project<\/a>, consists of 139 columns of text, with 82 entries regarding 23 medical foods. The text goes into considerable detail on the dietary needs of children and pregnant women.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"tumblr-crosspostr-linkback\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/eastgate\/2017\/08\/08\/as-century-or-100-days-of-as-day-1\/\" title=\"Go to the original post.\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">A&amp;S Century, or 100 Days of A&amp;S \u2013 Day 1!<\/a> was originally published on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/eastgate\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Eastern Gate<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A few weeks ago, I decided to undertake the A&amp;S Century, or 100 Days of A&amp;S, that has been sweeping through the SCA as of late. The challenge was first proposed by&nbsp;Baroness Ameline of Rowany, and is similar to the armored combatant century drill (100 days, 100 blows). Except instead of hitting people\/getting hit, you &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/leah\/blog\/2017\/08\/08\/as-century-or-100-days-of-as-day-1\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;A&#038;S Century, or 100 Days of A&#038;S &#8211; Day 1!&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[228],"tags":[138,131,139,135,134,133,140,132,24,116,112],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4eTPU-9X","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/leah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/617"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/leah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/leah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/leah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/leah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=617"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/leah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/617\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1495,"href":"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/leah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/617\/revisions\/1495"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/leah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=617"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/leah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=617"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biblionalia.info\/leah\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=617"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}